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[Music]

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hello i'm jeanne missour and we are

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marking an important anniversary 20

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years ago three men embarked on a

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journey a journey to the international

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space station where they became the

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first full-time inhabitants we are now

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marking two decades of habitation

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cooperation and investigation today

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we're going to be talking about

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what's been done up there what it has

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meant

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and we're going to do that by talking to

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the crew of expedition 1 and some of

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those who supported them this

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conversation is brought to you by the

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team at nasa and by the space foundation

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for the support of boeing we had hoped

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to do this conversation in person at the

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space symposium but covet so let me

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introduce to you our guest today joining

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us virtually first the members of the

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crew we have the commander uh who is

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with us bill shepard he joins us from

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virginia also with us from russia his

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crewmates sergey krikalev and also yuri

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gazenko also joining us from texas a man

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whose vision and management and

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oversight was crucial to the success of

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the mission george abbey he was he is

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the former director of the johnson space

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center and also joining us as ginger

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carrick of nasa who was the russian

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training integration instructor for

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expedition one great to have you all

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with us here today george abbey i'd love

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to start with you um and get a sense of

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what you hoped for

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from this mission what was your goal

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what did nasa think it would get out of

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this

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well i thought it was very important

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that we partner with our russian

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colleagues

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we were working on a space station and

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had been working on it for some period

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of time

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and were not too successful so

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we went through a redesign

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and uh i felt it was important to bring

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our russian colleagues in and make them

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a part of the program

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and uh actually the program started with

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the shuttle mirror which was the russian

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space station

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and uh that gave us an opportunity to

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get some experience on space stations as

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we were not flying a space station and

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we were able to work with the russians

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and do that on this on the mere program

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at the same time partnering with them on

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an international space station

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and

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was uh turned out to be an excellent

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partnership and i think our success was

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really in a large part due to the fact

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that we had that partnership

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and so as we worked and through the

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shuttle mirror program

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we were looking ahead to the

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international space station and finally

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being able to get that first element up

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and then of course get the crew up which

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came about a year and a half after that

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first element went up

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so

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i was looking forward to that day and uh

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with great expectations and uh great

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hope that we would finally get the

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program underway and get that first crew

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up there which we did and

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we have we were fortunate to have all

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three crew members with us this morning

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and i wanted to ask you about these

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three crew members why were these three

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picked for expedition one

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well i think they were picked by uh

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based on their experience and their

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backgrounds uh we wanted to make sure

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that first crew uh was an experienced

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crew and uh it was gonna be a

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first the first time in space with the

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space station

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and we wanted someone who would have

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been up there before and also could work

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in that environment and

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if there were problems could deal with

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them and

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we selected a crew where we had high

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confidence with the three crewmen that

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they would be able to do that

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and that turned out to be

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certainly the case and

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we were fortunate to have all three of

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them up there as we went through that

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that first step on expedition one

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um ginger you ended up working with

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these guys for years getting them ready

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for this mission would you agree with

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this was the right combination of

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personalities and skills

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oh absolutely from day one you know you

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got to remember this is the first time

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we were training a crew for the space

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station so we were building it as we

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went along and um all three of the crew

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members were quick to identify gaps in

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the support plan that we had put forward

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not only for training but for operations

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um so they were the perfect people um it

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took the courage for them to step out

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and try to establish a new training

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paradigm a new operations paradigm and

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they proved to be successful once they

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executed their mission

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um

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sergey i'd like to ask you and chef both

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you were both uh come out of a military

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background where you were trained to

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view one another as adversaries here

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you're put in a situation where you're

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going to interact cooperatively was that

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a difficult transition or did that come

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so sergey why don't you go ahead

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okay

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at first

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i came not from military background

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so that's one point and second maybe

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most important that this was not the

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first experience

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uh

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my first

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first space flight was uh international

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mission together with french

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cosmonaut but also before that before

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this mission i was uh trained and flew

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twice on shuttle uh first first flight

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was on sts-16 and we were trained

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together

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charlie bolden was the commander of this

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mission

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and my second flight on shuttle was

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actually first assembly mission so

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first station assembly mission an sts-88

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with bob come on bob cabana as a

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commander

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so

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it was not uh

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the first experience and actually uh

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even before us many years ago was very

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good example of good uh

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relations and good partnership uh start

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from uh serious apollo so we were based

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on previous experience and

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we were ready for good cooperation and

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that's why i think everything went very

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smooth from my point of view

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now chef you did have a military

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background i'm right there aren't i

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yeah actually uh yuri and i were really

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the two military guys um

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jumping way ahead in the answer uh one

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of my one of my most interesting moments

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with yuri in space was looking at the

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earth and he was saying okay i was a

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mig-21 pilot and i was stationed here

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and

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half an orbit later i would say okay i

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was a navy seal and we were here here

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and then that was a really interesting

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dialogue but um

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i think uh

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my personal interest in being part of

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this crew was to

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try and put the space station on the

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footing of

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either the early

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space voyages where we did not have a

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lot of contact with the ground and that

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seems to be seemed to me to be much more

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like

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being on a ship or a submarine than

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flying an airplane so

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nasa had a shuttle program which was

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basically airplane flying and i thought

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we were doing something different with

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space station that's why i really wanted

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to

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i had

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certain

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views on how the partners should

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interact

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and unfortunately yuri and sergey

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helped me

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maybe change my views quite a bit on

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what i thought was the right way to do

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things and so

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i was really fortunate to have both

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those guys on the crew because they

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taught me a lot

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um yuri from your perspective what was

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the biggest challenge here was it one of

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language was it one of culture was it

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the technological integration

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foreign

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yes we had some difficulties as we just

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foreign

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yes uh within some difficulties but not

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in interaction as friends or as the crew

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members here future crew members

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we have some difficulties in preparation

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because we were just starting and we

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didn't have

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all the proper materials all the

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simulators were not up to par we were

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just starting out and that was a

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difficulty in training not an

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if i might suggest why don't you ask

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ginger if she can explain what brain

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sharing was

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brain sharing yeah

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we might pull up my apologies you're

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just breaking up a little bit i think

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olga's having a little bit of trouble uh

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making out what you're saying ginger you

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want to hop in here oh sure so

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one of the things that yuri was talking

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about was it was difficult to train when

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you didn't have training materials you

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didn't have all the right simulations so

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we spent a lot of time with the hardware

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owners the hardware developers and there

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was one particular instance where this

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brain sharing

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name came to be is

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chef had gone and met with some one of

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the

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hardware developers and was asking a

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series of questions you know three or

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four questions

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and then sergey was a little late so

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sergey comes in and he looks at the

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hardware and immediately same three or

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four questions and we're just like oh my

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god they're sharing a brain now these

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um

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i'm curious about the language issue

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what was the language that you spoke of

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and sergey you want to weigh in i i i

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wanted to add maybe what chef said that

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shuttle was closer to airplane in in a

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way of operating because it was most of

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the time in com

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but

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actually with us yuri and i had the

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previous experience of flying on

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and the

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communication system and

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way how we

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operate on the station was very similar

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what we expected to be on iss

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especially for first expedition when we

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have

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decision ourselves in case of

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malfunction and we have to be

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more or less

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self-sufficient

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so

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as i said

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it was very interesting also because uh

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a lot of new things uh have to happen

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here on this first mission and

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that's why we

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uh we

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are

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exactly what chef said it's more like

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00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:25,360
submarine or ship in

288
00:12:28,389 --> 00:12:27,680
at sea

289
00:12:31,990 --> 00:12:28,399
um

290
00:12:34,069 --> 00:12:32,000
language uh i in talking to to all of

291
00:12:36,230 --> 00:12:34,079
you can see that the um

292
00:12:39,030 --> 00:12:36,240
that chef and gingers both both speak

293
00:12:41,590 --> 00:12:39,040
some russian yuri and sergey you speak

294
00:12:43,350 --> 00:12:41,600
english what was the language

295
00:12:45,670 --> 00:12:43,360
on the international space station what

296
00:12:47,990 --> 00:12:45,680
did you speak and i would presume that

297
00:12:50,870 --> 00:12:48,000
in that kind of a situation you really

298
00:12:52,790 --> 00:12:50,880
have to be thinking in the right

299
00:12:55,350 --> 00:12:52,800
language that you can't be going through

300
00:12:57,110 --> 00:12:55,360
the translation process

301
00:12:59,269 --> 00:12:57,120
yeah i think we went back and forth

302
00:13:00,230 --> 00:12:59,279
quite a bit here we go ahead

303
00:13:01,990 --> 00:13:00,240
uh

304
00:13:03,990 --> 00:13:02,000
maybe

305
00:13:07,910 --> 00:13:04,000
for me in the beginning i had some

306
00:13:09,750 --> 00:13:07,920
challenges with uh english language

307
00:13:10,949 --> 00:13:09,760
just only for me

308
00:13:34,470 --> 00:13:10,959
i

309
00:13:38,069 --> 00:13:34,480
about some systems

310
00:13:39,189 --> 00:13:38,079
and after several months i mean

311
00:13:42,069 --> 00:13:39,199
in a year

312
00:13:54,790 --> 00:13:42,079
that was not very important for me

313
00:14:00,790 --> 00:13:58,069
yeah i thought initially that

314
00:14:02,949 --> 00:14:00,800
because the united states had an

315
00:14:04,629 --> 00:14:02,959
agreement with the other partners

316
00:14:06,389 --> 00:14:04,639
where we said english was going to be

317
00:14:08,629 --> 00:14:06,399
the standard language

318
00:14:09,750 --> 00:14:08,639
that would be the way to go but i got to

319
00:14:11,990 --> 00:14:09,760
russia and

320
00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:12,000
was working with many of the

321
00:14:16,629 --> 00:14:14,160
engineers technicians and managers some

322
00:14:19,110 --> 00:14:16,639
of these people helped to put sputnik in

323
00:14:20,949 --> 00:14:19,120
space and launched yuri gagarin and

324
00:14:23,269 --> 00:14:20,959
these people were still there

325
00:14:25,110 --> 00:14:23,279
and so i thought i said well

326
00:14:27,269 --> 00:14:25,120
you know we're not going to

327
00:14:30,230 --> 00:14:27,279
have completely invert the russian space

328
00:14:31,590 --> 00:14:30,240
system because we like english but even

329
00:14:32,710 --> 00:14:31,600
beyond that

330
00:14:35,670 --> 00:14:32,720
um

331
00:14:37,670 --> 00:14:35,680
in order for it's not enough to know

332
00:14:40,150 --> 00:14:37,680
what the russians did

333
00:14:42,310 --> 00:14:40,160
the the key element of making the space

334
00:14:44,150 --> 00:14:42,320
station work was to understand why

335
00:14:46,790 --> 00:14:44,160
the russians approached problems a

336
00:14:48,710 --> 00:14:46,800
certain way and the only

337
00:14:51,030 --> 00:14:48,720
method by which we were really going to

338
00:14:53,430 --> 00:14:51,040
get to that was if we could talk to all

339
00:14:55,590 --> 00:14:53,440
these people in russian so

340
00:14:57,350 --> 00:14:55,600
that became the way we operated if we

341
00:14:59,990 --> 00:14:57,360
could pull up uh

342
00:15:02,230 --> 00:15:00,000
picture number four i'll show you

343
00:15:04,550 --> 00:15:02,240
uh kind of one of the crutches that we

344
00:15:06,710 --> 00:15:04,560
use to get by that if we can do some

345
00:15:08,629 --> 00:15:06,720
screen sharing here yeah and what this

346
00:15:11,670 --> 00:15:08,639
is is going to be a picture of me in one

347
00:15:14,470 --> 00:15:11,680
of the training mock-ups and a big sheet

348
00:15:18,069 --> 00:15:14,480
of paper to the right is a

349
00:15:20,790 --> 00:15:18,079
a big schematic drawing of this the air

350
00:15:23,750 --> 00:15:20,800
purification system that i'm working on

351
00:15:26,629 --> 00:15:23,760
and our effort the early on in the space

352
00:15:29,430 --> 00:15:26,639
station training was to create

353
00:15:31,670 --> 00:15:29,440
very understandable graphic diagrams of

354
00:15:33,829 --> 00:15:31,680
all the systems that we had to use and i

355
00:15:35,829 --> 00:15:33,839
i gender correct me if i'm wrong i think

356
00:15:38,550 --> 00:15:35,839
we still use these today

357
00:15:40,710 --> 00:15:38,560
yes we still use those today

358
00:15:41,829 --> 00:15:40,720
and for me that was a big help because a

359
00:15:43,990 --> 00:15:41,839
lot of times

360
00:15:45,670 --> 00:15:44,000
i could go through class and i i could

361
00:15:47,110 --> 00:15:45,680
look at the diagram and even if i didn't

362
00:15:50,069 --> 00:15:47,120
get 100

363
00:15:52,150 --> 00:15:50,079
what the instructor was trying to

364
00:15:54,790 --> 00:15:52,160
teach us i could i could make sense out

365
00:15:57,829 --> 00:15:54,800
of it by referring to the diagram

366
00:15:59,269 --> 00:15:57,839
so um ginger or shep um i'm curious as

367
00:16:01,430 --> 00:15:59,279
to whether the russians had a very

368
00:16:04,030 --> 00:16:01,440
different approach to training if there

369
00:16:05,749 --> 00:16:04,040
were things that you learned uh from

370
00:16:08,629 --> 00:16:05,759
participating

371
00:16:11,829 --> 00:16:08,639
in russia um that might not have been

372
00:16:14,949 --> 00:16:11,839
obvious to you previously

373
00:16:17,030 --> 00:16:14,959
yeah um you they broke down lessons into

374
00:16:19,269 --> 00:16:17,040
theoretical and practical and you would

375
00:16:21,590 --> 00:16:19,279
get all of your theoretical lessons and

376
00:16:23,910 --> 00:16:21,600
then do your practical lessons

377
00:16:26,230 --> 00:16:23,920
um they had a less of a reliance on

378
00:16:27,910 --> 00:16:26,240
diagrams and documentation because

379
00:16:30,310 --> 00:16:27,920
they've had the people teaching the

380
00:16:32,470 --> 00:16:30,320
classes were experts and knew that

381
00:16:34,949 --> 00:16:32,480
information inside and out whereas on

382
00:16:36,230 --> 00:16:34,959
the u.s side we were all starting up

383
00:16:38,790 --> 00:16:36,240
there a lot of the instructors were

384
00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:38,800
young i was young at that time and um so

385
00:16:43,509 --> 00:16:40,560
we were developing materials and we

386
00:16:45,910 --> 00:16:43,519
didn't have the expertise so it was um

387
00:16:48,069 --> 00:16:45,920
interesting to see the dichotomy between

388
00:16:50,150 --> 00:16:48,079
the us approach and the russian approach

389
00:16:53,269 --> 00:16:50,160
um but we learned a lot um from each

390
00:16:55,269 --> 00:16:53,279
other and i think each of us adapted our

391
00:16:58,629 --> 00:16:55,279
uh approaches so that we were both

392
00:17:00,310 --> 00:16:58,639
better off um in the end

393
00:17:02,470 --> 00:17:00,320
to hear your perspective from the

394
00:17:04,870 --> 00:17:02,480
russian side did the americans have

395
00:17:06,069 --> 00:17:04,880
something to teach you

396
00:17:09,110 --> 00:17:06,079
uh actually

397
00:17:11,189 --> 00:17:09,120
ginger is 100 correct we are learning

398
00:17:12,949 --> 00:17:11,199
from each other and

399
00:17:16,150 --> 00:17:12,959
returning back to your previous question

400
00:17:17,909 --> 00:17:16,160
uh what was the language where

401
00:17:20,069 --> 00:17:17,919
shep was speaking some russian we were

402
00:17:22,549 --> 00:17:20,079
speaking some english so we called this

403
00:17:24,710 --> 00:17:22,559
mixture of languages wrongly

404
00:17:26,949 --> 00:17:24,720
and that's what we use

405
00:17:30,070 --> 00:17:26,959
during the mission we actually

406
00:17:31,990 --> 00:17:30,080
had this name when i was training for

407
00:17:33,590 --> 00:17:32,000
shuttle flight and actually for us it

408
00:17:36,390 --> 00:17:33,600
was very interesting exchange of

409
00:17:38,950 --> 00:17:36,400
experience because uh we were ginger is

410
00:17:41,270 --> 00:17:38,960
right we were based more on theoretical

411
00:17:43,750 --> 00:17:41,280
knowledge of the system and preparation

412
00:17:48,630 --> 00:17:43,760
for long duration flight

413
00:17:50,630 --> 00:17:48,640
was such that we were not able to repeat

414
00:17:52,390 --> 00:17:50,640
every step for several times

415
00:17:54,150 --> 00:17:52,400
getting ready for the flight because

416
00:17:54,950 --> 00:17:54,160
flight itself is

417
00:17:56,870 --> 00:17:54,960
long

418
00:17:57,830 --> 00:17:56,880
and you cannot

419
00:17:59,990 --> 00:17:57,840
do

420
00:18:02,950 --> 00:18:00,000
kind of usual rehearsal but and

421
00:18:05,029 --> 00:18:02,960
certainly it's possible to do and

422
00:18:06,470 --> 00:18:05,039
training for short duration flight is

423
00:18:08,710 --> 00:18:06,480
little different

424
00:18:10,950 --> 00:18:08,720
you know but what we learned that

425
00:18:12,870 --> 00:18:10,960
we can use more

426
00:18:16,470 --> 00:18:12,880
computer

427
00:18:19,750 --> 00:18:16,480
lessons or

428
00:18:21,830 --> 00:18:19,760
mock-up simulators

429
00:18:24,630 --> 00:18:21,840
before that computer was not as

430
00:18:27,430 --> 00:18:24,640
available and we had to have all this

431
00:18:29,430 --> 00:18:27,440
diagram in our head we had to

432
00:18:31,510 --> 00:18:29,440
understand how system worked

433
00:18:33,750 --> 00:18:31,520
and it actually had some advantages

434
00:18:35,830 --> 00:18:33,760
because if you are working in stressful

435
00:18:37,510 --> 00:18:35,840
environment in limited

436
00:18:39,510 --> 00:18:37,520
amount of time sometimes it's better to

437
00:18:40,830 --> 00:18:39,520
have everything in your head although

438
00:18:43,830 --> 00:18:40,840
it's more difficult

439
00:18:44,950 --> 00:18:43,840
to to build up this knowledge

440
00:18:46,630 --> 00:18:44,960
but

441
00:18:48,789 --> 00:18:46,640
as we said we were

442
00:18:49,830 --> 00:18:48,799
learning from each other we

443
00:18:52,630 --> 00:18:49,840
tried to

444
00:18:55,270 --> 00:18:52,640
share our experience experience of mere

445
00:18:56,470 --> 00:18:55,280
missions and we were learning from all

446
00:18:59,590 --> 00:18:56,480
this

447
00:19:01,990 --> 00:18:59,600
computer support training from u.s side

448
00:19:03,350 --> 00:19:02,000
and i think at the end

449
00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:03,360
now we have

450
00:19:09,510 --> 00:19:06,080
some kind of mix mixed system of

451
00:19:11,750 --> 00:19:09,520
training crew for now actually maybe

452
00:19:15,110 --> 00:19:11,760
one more difficulties we had in the

453
00:19:17,270 --> 00:19:15,120
beginning no one exactly knew what

454
00:19:19,990 --> 00:19:17,280
what kind of knowledge we will need in

455
00:19:22,710 --> 00:19:20,000
flight so for this purpose in case of

456
00:19:25,350 --> 00:19:22,720
this uncertainty we have to

457
00:19:27,110 --> 00:19:25,360
have more information that we really

458
00:19:29,430 --> 00:19:27,120
needed because no one knew

459
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:29,440
how much information exactly we need and

460
00:19:34,789 --> 00:19:32,240
i see now that training for subsequent

461
00:19:36,150 --> 00:19:34,799
missions and especially now uh allow

462
00:19:38,789 --> 00:19:36,160
people to

463
00:19:41,510 --> 00:19:38,799
to learn only what they really need for

464
00:19:43,750 --> 00:19:41,520
the flight uh in our case we learn uh

465
00:19:46,630 --> 00:19:43,760
with some margin

466
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:46,640
and it was really interesting

467
00:19:50,230 --> 00:19:48,559
um yuri did you want to weigh in on what

468
00:19:59,190 --> 00:19:50,240
you might have learned from the american

469
00:20:17,909 --> 00:20:02,050
um

470
00:20:22,789 --> 00:20:20,549
it was actually interesting to work

471
00:20:24,630 --> 00:20:22,799
together because we were learning from

472
00:20:28,630 --> 00:20:24,640
each other and different approaches

473
00:20:34,950 --> 00:20:31,909
um george was this exactly the kind of

474
00:20:36,950 --> 00:20:34,960
synergy you wanted to see come out of

475
00:20:39,350 --> 00:20:36,960
this international mission

476
00:20:42,950 --> 00:20:39,360
yes it was it really uh really turned

477
00:20:45,270 --> 00:20:42,960
out just to be what i hoped it to be

478
00:20:48,789 --> 00:20:45,280
and uh we had worked with our russian

479
00:20:51,990 --> 00:20:48,799
colleagues before on apollo soyuz uh the

480
00:20:53,909 --> 00:20:52,000
first uh joint talking mission and so i

481
00:20:55,270 --> 00:20:53,919
had confidence that we would be able to

482
00:20:57,990 --> 00:20:55,280
work with them and

483
00:21:00,549 --> 00:20:58,000
it would really turn out to be a good

484
00:21:02,470 --> 00:21:00,559
a good partnership for us and that we

485
00:21:05,190 --> 00:21:02,480
could learn from them and hopefully they

486
00:21:07,909 --> 00:21:05,200
could learn from us and between uh our

487
00:21:10,230 --> 00:21:07,919
two par our two nations we would uh come

488
00:21:11,750 --> 00:21:10,240
up with the great space station and i

489
00:21:13,830 --> 00:21:11,760
think this crew

490
00:21:16,149 --> 00:21:13,840
made it all happen

491
00:21:17,190 --> 00:21:16,159
hey gene one important part point that

492
00:21:19,110 --> 00:21:17,200
sergey

493
00:21:20,789 --> 00:21:19,120
touched on that i wanna i wanna double

494
00:21:22,710 --> 00:21:20,799
down on um

495
00:21:25,110 --> 00:21:22,720
in houston we had

496
00:21:27,909 --> 00:21:25,120
extensive simulators for the shuttle and

497
00:21:29,510 --> 00:21:27,919
the crew spent hundreds of hours in

498
00:21:31,590 --> 00:21:29,520
these machines

499
00:21:33,590 --> 00:21:31,600
and quite often we would be sitting

500
00:21:35,669 --> 00:21:33,600
waiting for the computers come up

501
00:21:38,390 --> 00:21:35,679
because the sim had crashed and it

502
00:21:40,630 --> 00:21:38,400
happened like twice a day and it took

503
00:21:42,070 --> 00:21:40,640
about 30 or 40 minutes to reboot the

504
00:21:45,350 --> 00:21:42,080
computers and get everything running

505
00:21:47,990 --> 00:21:45,360
again when i got to star city and i

506
00:21:50,549 --> 00:21:48,000
asked the instructors there about their

507
00:21:53,430 --> 00:21:50,559
soyuz simulator and how often they had

508
00:21:56,870 --> 00:21:53,440
to reboot it because it had crashed the

509
00:22:00,390 --> 00:21:56,880
answer was well uh we do this maybe once

510
00:22:03,830 --> 00:22:00,400
a year and so when i finished the space

511
00:22:05,909 --> 00:22:03,840
station and i came back to johnson i was

512
00:22:08,149 --> 00:22:05,919
trying to get the point across to senior

513
00:22:11,110 --> 00:22:08,159
management that the way the russians

514
00:22:13,669 --> 00:22:11,120
designed some things is really good and

515
00:22:15,270 --> 00:22:13,679
we need to learn from this unfortunately

516
00:22:16,310 --> 00:22:15,280
uh

517
00:22:18,870 --> 00:22:16,320
you know

518
00:22:21,190 --> 00:22:18,880
space technology being what it is we

519
00:22:23,110 --> 00:22:21,200
have we have a fascination particularly

520
00:22:24,710 --> 00:22:23,120
in the states with the most complex

521
00:22:27,750 --> 00:22:24,720
things we can build

522
00:22:29,430 --> 00:22:27,760
i'm not sure that's the right answer

523
00:22:31,190 --> 00:22:29,440
george abby i have to give you a chance

524
00:22:33,510 --> 00:22:31,200
to respond to that

525
00:22:35,270 --> 00:22:33,520
well i think i would go along with what

526
00:22:38,149 --> 00:22:35,280
chef says i think

527
00:22:40,549 --> 00:22:38,159
the russian design approaches

528
00:22:42,950 --> 00:22:40,559
is a very good one and uh

529
00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:42,960
they uh they come up with very reliable

530
00:22:48,630 --> 00:22:45,520
equipment and very reliable systems

531
00:22:51,190 --> 00:22:48,640
and uh i think we learned from them and

532
00:22:53,669 --> 00:22:51,200
hopefully we can adapt uh some of those

533
00:22:56,070 --> 00:22:53,679
lessons and incorporate them into our

534
00:22:59,029 --> 00:22:56,080
spacecraft but

535
00:23:01,430 --> 00:22:59,039
yes i agree with shep

536
00:23:03,430 --> 00:23:01,440
uh ginger uh i'd love to talk to you a

537
00:23:06,630 --> 00:23:03,440
little bit about your feelings after

538
00:23:09,110 --> 00:23:06,640
working with these guys for years

539
00:23:11,590 --> 00:23:09,120
uh they're about to take off

540
00:23:13,750 --> 00:23:11,600
um tell me that story of what that was

541
00:23:15,430 --> 00:23:13,760
like and what you felt

542
00:23:17,430 --> 00:23:15,440
seeing them launch

543
00:23:19,990 --> 00:23:17,440
yeah you know i spent four years of my

544
00:23:23,110 --> 00:23:20,000
life wherever this crew was that's where

545
00:23:25,029 --> 00:23:23,120
i was if we were in baikonur kazakhstan

546
00:23:26,470 --> 00:23:25,039
looking at the service module before it

547
00:23:28,870 --> 00:23:26,480
launched i was right there with them if

548
00:23:31,669 --> 00:23:28,880
we were in florida if we were in

549
00:23:33,430 --> 00:23:31,679
huntsville alabama or houston or star

550
00:23:36,390 --> 00:23:33,440
city russia so

551
00:23:39,750 --> 00:23:36,400
we formed quite the bond

552
00:23:42,230 --> 00:23:39,760
and so on launch day i got to go to

553
00:23:44,390 --> 00:23:42,240
their launch and it was a foggy day

554
00:23:47,590 --> 00:23:44,400
and i remember watching them walk up the

555
00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:47,600
stairs of the launch vehicle and as soon

556
00:23:52,549 --> 00:23:49,720
as that hat shut i started

557
00:23:54,630 --> 00:23:52,559
hyperventilating and i know the

558
00:23:57,269 --> 00:23:54,640
spacecraft i knew that they were going

559
00:24:00,149 --> 00:23:57,279
to be safe but something inside me said

560
00:24:01,830 --> 00:24:00,159
my family is going on a rocket and i

561
00:24:04,230 --> 00:24:01,840
could not handle it

562
00:24:06,870 --> 00:24:04,240
and one of the russian um high-ranking

563
00:24:08,789 --> 00:24:06,880
military officials noticed that put his

564
00:24:10,950 --> 00:24:08,799
arm around me and started partying the

565
00:24:13,510 --> 00:24:10,960
crowd to try to bring me to a closer

566
00:24:15,590 --> 00:24:13,520
view and as he's doing that he says at

567
00:24:17,190 --> 00:24:15,600
the moment

568
00:24:19,909 --> 00:24:17,200
it's the mother of the crew get out of

569
00:24:21,269 --> 00:24:19,919
the way and uh but he put me in a spot

570
00:24:22,870 --> 00:24:21,279
where i could watch them and i was

571
00:24:25,990 --> 00:24:22,880
reassured that everything was going to

572
00:24:27,830 --> 00:24:26,000
be okay but it was weird because you

573
00:24:30,710 --> 00:24:27,840
know we were a family of four and three

574
00:24:33,750 --> 00:24:30,720
of them were going to space

575
00:24:35,990 --> 00:24:33,760
and so the three of you arrive at the

576
00:24:38,390 --> 00:24:36,000
space station love to get your first

577
00:24:40,549 --> 00:24:38,400
impressions sergey

578
00:24:44,070 --> 00:24:40,559
what did you feel what did you see what

579
00:24:45,510 --> 00:24:44,080
did you spell as you arrived there

580
00:24:48,070 --> 00:24:45,520
actually

581
00:24:49,110 --> 00:24:48,080
the service model of international space

582
00:24:51,510 --> 00:24:49,120
station

583
00:24:53,269 --> 00:24:51,520
is very similar to a core module of

584
00:24:56,230 --> 00:24:53,279
mirror station uh

585
00:24:58,950 --> 00:24:56,240
mechanically so the only difference i

586
00:25:03,029 --> 00:24:58,960
felt that we came to the station and it

587
00:25:05,590 --> 00:25:03,039
was very new very clean and

588
00:25:07,190 --> 00:25:05,600
not completely empty but much emptier

589
00:25:07,990 --> 00:25:07,200
that you

590
00:25:10,470 --> 00:25:08,000
this

591
00:25:12,230 --> 00:25:10,480
space happened to be after several

592
00:25:15,190 --> 00:25:12,240
months of uh

593
00:25:17,990 --> 00:25:15,200
crew living there so i remember

594
00:25:20,470 --> 00:25:18,000
we were discussing with designers on the

595
00:25:22,870 --> 00:25:20,480
ground that maybe the table we had in

596
00:25:26,470 --> 00:25:22,880
the middle of this

597
00:25:28,710 --> 00:25:26,480
big compartment uh can be not assembled

598
00:25:30,789 --> 00:25:28,720
as a full part maybe only part of it can

599
00:25:31,750 --> 00:25:30,799
exist but when we came there with no

600
00:25:34,710 --> 00:25:31,760
table

601
00:25:37,190 --> 00:25:34,720
we switch on lights and the first uh

602
00:25:39,669 --> 00:25:37,200
thing we need to do is prepare

603
00:25:42,950 --> 00:25:39,679
uh our tv downlink uh to have the

604
00:25:44,630 --> 00:25:42,960
teleconference from the station and we

605
00:25:46,950 --> 00:25:44,640
start to

606
00:25:48,470 --> 00:25:46,960
search for for connectors

607
00:25:51,350 --> 00:25:48,480
and it was

608
00:25:52,470 --> 00:25:51,360
typical operation but it was very

609
00:25:54,549 --> 00:25:52,480
memorable

610
00:25:56,390 --> 00:25:54,559
switching on light for the first time

611
00:25:58,630 --> 00:25:56,400
when we came to

612
00:26:00,549 --> 00:25:58,640
almost dark stations switching on light

613
00:26:04,230 --> 00:26:00,559
and it became very light

614
00:26:08,149 --> 00:26:06,230
and trying to

615
00:26:11,510 --> 00:26:08,159
make hot water because for two days we

616
00:26:12,310 --> 00:26:11,520
were flying on soyuz we had only snaps

617
00:26:15,909 --> 00:26:12,320
and

618
00:26:17,909 --> 00:26:15,919
cold cold food so we knew how system is

619
00:26:20,789 --> 00:26:17,919
built and start to activate

620
00:26:23,350 --> 00:26:20,799
uh hot water to have a hot drink on the

621
00:26:26,230 --> 00:26:23,360
station right yuri is right

622
00:26:29,110 --> 00:26:26,240
yuri the the job of of your crew

623
00:26:31,590 --> 00:26:29,120
primarily was to set up house

624
00:26:33,590 --> 00:26:31,600
uh on the space station can you talk to

625
00:26:35,830 --> 00:26:33,600
us a little bit about about that what

626
00:27:04,549 --> 00:26:35,840
you had to do when you got there besides

627
00:27:09,269 --> 00:27:06,630
well first i want to say that when we

628
00:27:12,870 --> 00:27:09,279
just got there we were not able to open

629
00:27:14,710 --> 00:27:12,880
the hatch right away we had struggle

630
00:27:17,750 --> 00:27:14,720
with sergey with our

631
00:27:19,590 --> 00:27:17,760
legs with our arms uh for maybe five

632
00:27:21,190 --> 00:27:19,600
minutes and we were thinking how come we

633
00:27:31,669 --> 00:27:21,200
just drive to the station but we are not

634
00:27:31,679 --> 00:27:39,990
to

635
00:27:46,310 --> 00:27:40,870
and

636
00:27:49,110 --> 00:27:46,320
in as sergey said we turned on the light

637
00:27:52,789 --> 00:27:49,120
we got some hot water we activated the

638
00:27:55,830 --> 00:27:52,799
toilet and i remember uh chef said now

639
00:28:02,230 --> 00:27:55,840
we can live we have light we have hot

640
00:28:07,430 --> 00:28:04,470
jumping in again i think uh

641
00:28:10,789 --> 00:28:07,440
history may forget our first cargo ship

642
00:28:13,590 --> 00:28:10,799
came up about 10 days after we arrived

643
00:28:15,350 --> 00:28:13,600
and uh yuri did a great job of of

644
00:28:17,269 --> 00:28:15,360
docking it because it was supposed to

645
00:28:20,310 --> 00:28:17,279
find this automatically

646
00:28:22,789 --> 00:28:20,320
um but it came up and it was acting very

647
00:28:24,470 --> 00:28:22,799
strangely and and you really flew it in

648
00:28:25,909 --> 00:28:24,480
by hand maybe you can tell a little bit

649
00:28:27,750 --> 00:28:25,919
yuri and sergey can tell a little bit

650
00:28:32,310 --> 00:28:27,760
about how that went it was a pretty big

651
00:28:36,950 --> 00:28:34,710
uh yeah it was unusual uh

652
00:28:39,110 --> 00:28:36,960
docking because as shep said uh this

653
00:28:42,389 --> 00:28:39,120
cargo vehicle is supposed to

654
00:28:45,590 --> 00:28:42,399
approach and then dock in automatic mode

655
00:28:46,870 --> 00:28:45,600
but when it uh came for about 100 meters

656
00:28:48,870 --> 00:28:46,880
uh range

657
00:28:51,669 --> 00:28:48,880
then it started to

658
00:28:55,110 --> 00:28:51,679
uh to wobble and searching for for

659
00:28:58,470 --> 00:28:55,120
docking and this oscillation became so

660
00:29:01,510 --> 00:28:58,480
big that it start to be dangerous

661
00:29:04,549 --> 00:29:01,520
and fortunately we had uh opportunity

662
00:29:07,110 --> 00:29:04,559
uh to manually control it so we had to

663
00:29:09,190 --> 00:29:07,120
switch to manual control and the yuri

664
00:29:10,630 --> 00:29:09,200
was controlling it but by hand

665
00:29:13,190 --> 00:29:10,640
controllers

666
00:29:15,830 --> 00:29:13,200
installed in the station but next uh

667
00:29:19,669 --> 00:29:15,840
issue was that uh

668
00:29:22,549 --> 00:29:19,679
lens on the camera that was used for uh

669
00:29:24,630 --> 00:29:22,559
for a lining vehicle was fogged and we

670
00:29:26,549 --> 00:29:24,640
didn't know what is this

671
00:29:29,830 --> 00:29:26,559
fork is it kind of glue

672
00:29:32,789 --> 00:29:29,840
something else stick to the

673
00:29:34,470 --> 00:29:32,799
window of this camera or something else

674
00:29:36,149 --> 00:29:34,480
so

675
00:29:42,310 --> 00:29:36,159
we call this

676
00:29:46,230 --> 00:29:44,470
but the problem was that because yuri

677
00:29:48,950 --> 00:29:46,240
cannot see

678
00:29:51,590 --> 00:29:48,960
station and target well i was jumping to

679
00:29:54,470 --> 00:29:51,600
window and we have what we said

680
00:29:56,389 --> 00:29:54,480
tell italia operation mode because i was

681
00:29:58,310 --> 00:29:56,399
looking out in the window

682
00:30:01,750 --> 00:29:58,320
gives some guidance to yuri and yuri was

683
00:30:04,310 --> 00:30:01,760
trying to control it try to use some

684
00:30:07,190 --> 00:30:04,320
image on the

685
00:30:09,430 --> 00:30:07,200
monitor and some information he got from

686
00:30:11,590 --> 00:30:09,440
me because i was looking directly to

687
00:30:13,669 --> 00:30:11,600
approaching vehicle so finally we were

688
00:30:14,870 --> 00:30:13,679
able to station keep

689
00:30:15,990 --> 00:30:14,880
this

690
00:30:18,230 --> 00:30:16,000
vehicle

691
00:30:19,350 --> 00:30:18,240
very close to the station and on

692
00:30:21,590 --> 00:30:19,360
sunlight

693
00:30:23,909 --> 00:30:21,600
this fork on the lens

694
00:30:26,149 --> 00:30:23,919
came out and we were able finally to do

695
00:30:27,190 --> 00:30:26,159
that it was very unusual way of talking

696
00:30:29,269 --> 00:30:27,200
vehicle

697
00:30:32,230 --> 00:30:29,279
but fortunately we had

698
00:30:34,149 --> 00:30:32,240
very many layers of redundancy and one

699
00:30:37,350 --> 00:30:34,159
of these layers worked out well and we

700
00:30:38,950 --> 00:30:37,360
were able to do working safely and maybe

701
00:30:41,190 --> 00:30:38,960
chef can add something because he was

702
00:30:43,350 --> 00:30:41,200
monitoring and recording this

703
00:30:46,710 --> 00:30:43,360
looking at us jumping

704
00:30:49,430 --> 00:30:46,720
to the control panel to window and back

705
00:30:51,110 --> 00:30:49,440
yeah i think it's one of the issues of

706
00:30:54,549 --> 00:30:51,120
if you will the culture

707
00:30:56,230 --> 00:30:54,559
russian designs put in many ways to get

708
00:30:58,710 --> 00:30:56,240
things done

709
00:31:01,990 --> 00:30:58,720
there's lots of redundancy and

710
00:31:03,750 --> 00:31:02,000
in some programs the the us does not

711
00:31:04,710 --> 00:31:03,760
have as much and i think that's one of

712
00:31:06,310 --> 00:31:04,720
the things

713
00:31:08,950 --> 00:31:06,320
in the future we need to pay a lot of

714
00:31:09,909 --> 00:31:08,960
attention to

715
00:31:11,830 --> 00:31:09,919
um

716
00:31:13,590 --> 00:31:11,840
chef can you tell us what the average

717
00:31:15,590 --> 00:31:13,600
day would have been like this was

718
00:31:17,750 --> 00:31:15,600
obviously an unusual day when you had

719
00:31:19,590 --> 00:31:17,760
this docking drama but what about the

720
00:31:22,149 --> 00:31:19,600
average day what did you guys do did you

721
00:31:23,750 --> 00:31:22,159
have assigned responsibilities did you

722
00:31:24,950 --> 00:31:23,760
all do a little bit of everything how

723
00:31:27,190 --> 00:31:24,960
did it go

724
00:31:29,430 --> 00:31:27,200
well i gotta say that i don't think you

725
00:31:31,909 --> 00:31:29,440
could say we had an average day at least

726
00:31:34,149 --> 00:31:31,919
not too many of them but this was good

727
00:31:36,950 --> 00:31:34,159
because uh we were up there

728
00:31:40,389 --> 00:31:36,960
to get a lot of work done and every day

729
00:31:43,269 --> 00:31:40,399
seemed to have its own set of challenges

730
00:31:45,430 --> 00:31:43,279
we got up uh 6 30ish in the morning i

731
00:31:49,350 --> 00:31:45,440
like to get a cup of coffee and

732
00:31:52,310 --> 00:31:49,360
read on the laptop where the printouts

733
00:31:55,269 --> 00:31:52,320
what the ground wanted us to do but from

734
00:31:58,630 --> 00:31:55,279
then on it was kind of free free for all

735
00:32:00,549 --> 00:31:58,640
the one thing i did enjoy was

736
00:32:03,110 --> 00:32:00,559
we got together around

737
00:32:05,269 --> 00:32:03,120
the the galley table we another story

738
00:32:06,630 --> 00:32:05,279
about that but three times a day we made

739
00:32:08,870 --> 00:32:06,640
a point to have our meals together and

740
00:32:10,870 --> 00:32:08,880
that was a that was a big part of

741
00:32:13,110 --> 00:32:10,880
keeping everybody kind of on the same

742
00:32:16,789 --> 00:32:13,120
plan of the day but i'll let yuri and

743
00:32:18,870 --> 00:32:16,799
sergey talk about their perspectives

744
00:32:39,350 --> 00:32:18,880
yuri tell us what

745
00:32:39,360 --> 00:32:55,190
just listening

746
00:32:59,750 --> 00:32:57,830
uh my impression after looking back you

747
00:33:01,509 --> 00:32:59,760
know 20 years back

748
00:33:03,590 --> 00:33:01,519
seems like the first couple weeks we

749
00:33:05,509 --> 00:33:03,600
were just working and working and

750
00:33:17,350 --> 00:33:05,519
working

751
00:33:22,710 --> 00:33:20,710
especially uh the first week i think uh

752
00:33:24,310 --> 00:33:22,720
the first shaving we did we shaved

753
00:33:26,149 --> 00:33:24,320
probably like three days after we

754
00:33:28,470 --> 00:33:26,159
arrived maybe even later because we were

755
00:33:29,509 --> 00:33:28,480
not even able to find the

756
00:33:36,389 --> 00:33:29,519
the

757
00:33:39,590 --> 00:33:38,070
but it was extremely interesting very

758
00:33:42,310 --> 00:33:39,600
interesting

759
00:33:44,950 --> 00:33:42,320
um george i'm curious if there ever was

760
00:33:46,710 --> 00:33:44,960
tension between what the united states

761
00:33:49,669 --> 00:33:46,720
wanted the crew to be doing and what the

762
00:33:50,470 --> 00:33:49,679
russians wanted through to be doing

763
00:33:53,669 --> 00:33:50,480
no

764
00:33:56,389 --> 00:33:53,679
uh there wasn't any of that kind of

765
00:33:58,789 --> 00:33:56,399
tension i think uh having uh worked with

766
00:34:00,630 --> 00:33:58,799
the russians on the mirror program

767
00:34:02,870 --> 00:34:00,640
the shuttle merit program

768
00:34:05,110 --> 00:34:02,880
we had developed a lot of confidence in

769
00:34:06,870 --> 00:34:05,120
each other and uh confidence when they

770
00:34:09,430 --> 00:34:06,880
made a decision that

771
00:34:10,950 --> 00:34:09,440
they exercised all of everything that

772
00:34:12,149 --> 00:34:10,960
needed to be done to make sure it was a

773
00:34:13,270 --> 00:34:12,159
good decision

774
00:34:15,909 --> 00:34:13,280
and so

775
00:34:18,069 --> 00:34:15,919
really that that those missions that we

776
00:34:20,550 --> 00:34:18,079
flew to the mirror and working with the

777
00:34:23,030 --> 00:34:20,560
russians in their control center really

778
00:34:24,950 --> 00:34:23,040
gave us a good foundation for moving

779
00:34:26,790 --> 00:34:24,960
into the assembly flights and that

780
00:34:28,790 --> 00:34:26,800
worked right with the international

781
00:34:31,510 --> 00:34:28,800
space station so

782
00:34:33,349 --> 00:34:31,520
initially on the shuttle mirror we had

783
00:34:36,310 --> 00:34:33,359
some tensions but that had been well

784
00:34:37,589 --> 00:34:36,320
worked out by the time we were doing uh

785
00:34:40,069 --> 00:34:37,599
the first mission

786
00:34:42,550 --> 00:34:40,079
of the international space station

787
00:34:43,990 --> 00:34:42,560
hey gene i gotta jump in on that because

788
00:34:46,149 --> 00:34:44,000
early on

789
00:34:48,470 --> 00:34:46,159
the two control centers

790
00:34:50,629 --> 00:34:48,480
flying the iss was kind of new for both

791
00:34:53,270 --> 00:34:50,639
of them and

792
00:34:54,790 --> 00:34:53,280
about for the first maybe two or three

793
00:34:56,869 --> 00:34:54,800
weeks of things

794
00:34:59,270 --> 00:34:56,879
occasionally we would get conflict

795
00:35:01,990 --> 00:34:59,280
conflicting marching orders uh things

796
00:35:04,230 --> 00:35:02,000
that houston had said and then the

797
00:35:07,030 --> 00:35:04,240
control center in moscow changed later

798
00:35:09,990 --> 00:35:07,040
and this and it would go back and forth

799
00:35:12,550 --> 00:35:10,000
almost orbit by orbit sometimes and i i

800
00:35:14,950 --> 00:35:12,560
got really frustrated one day

801
00:35:17,589 --> 00:35:14,960
and i got on the radio and both control

802
00:35:20,150 --> 00:35:17,599
centers can hear you when you can talk

803
00:35:21,589 --> 00:35:20,160
to a ground station and said look we're

804
00:35:23,510 --> 00:35:21,599
the international space station you guys

805
00:35:25,270 --> 00:35:23,520
have to coordinate

806
00:35:27,270 --> 00:35:25,280
one plan and give it to us and that's

807
00:35:29,670 --> 00:35:27,280
the one we'll do we're not doing one

808
00:35:31,670 --> 00:35:29,680
plan for moscow and one plan for houston

809
00:35:34,069 --> 00:35:31,680
they they just needed that little

810
00:35:36,069 --> 00:35:34,079
reminder and i was happy to give it to

811
00:35:41,670 --> 00:35:36,079
him and i gotta say that was my happiest

812
00:35:45,829 --> 00:35:43,430
so you guys were living together in

813
00:35:47,030 --> 00:35:45,839
pretty tight quarters up there

814
00:35:49,109 --> 00:35:47,040
um

815
00:35:51,190 --> 00:35:49,119
how did you get along i mean were there

816
00:35:53,510 --> 00:35:51,200
tensions that developed were you ever

817
00:35:56,230 --> 00:35:53,520
able to have privacy

818
00:35:58,710 --> 00:35:56,240
was everybody chummy

819
00:36:01,030 --> 00:35:58,720
who wants to weigh in first

820
00:36:03,670 --> 00:36:01,040
stage station was not big at that time

821
00:36:04,710 --> 00:36:03,680
but i think it was still bigger than

822
00:36:08,470 --> 00:36:04,720
shuttle

823
00:36:10,710 --> 00:36:08,480
and

824
00:36:12,870 --> 00:36:10,720
we had

825
00:36:16,069 --> 00:36:12,880
enough room to have

826
00:36:18,550 --> 00:36:16,079
at least some privacy uh but uh really

827
00:36:19,349 --> 00:36:18,560
we don't need much privacy because we

828
00:36:21,430 --> 00:36:19,359
were

829
00:36:22,950 --> 00:36:21,440
working together and i would like to

830
00:36:25,750 --> 00:36:22,960
return back maybe to previous questions

831
00:36:28,870 --> 00:36:25,760
when chef said that we didn't have a

832
00:36:31,750 --> 00:36:28,880
normal day because every day was

833
00:36:34,150 --> 00:36:31,760
special and i also remember another

834
00:36:35,990 --> 00:36:34,160
interesting thing when we were

835
00:36:37,990 --> 00:36:36,000
still on the ground preparing for the

836
00:36:40,630 --> 00:36:38,000
flight and we were shown

837
00:36:42,470 --> 00:36:40,640
tools we are going to have

838
00:36:44,069 --> 00:36:42,480
onboard the station

839
00:36:45,910 --> 00:36:44,079
one of the

840
00:36:48,710 --> 00:36:45,920
big tools i don't really don't know how

841
00:36:50,150 --> 00:36:48,720
it's called in english but like a big

842
00:36:53,349 --> 00:36:50,160
chunk of metal

843
00:36:54,550 --> 00:36:53,359
like you you open the door or

844
00:36:55,750 --> 00:36:54,560
safe

845
00:36:57,910 --> 00:36:55,760
but

846
00:36:59,430 --> 00:36:57,920
shep was laughing saying why do we need

847
00:37:00,150 --> 00:36:59,440
this big

848
00:37:02,870 --> 00:37:00,160
big

849
00:37:05,670 --> 00:37:02,880
heavy instrument in there we said well

850
00:37:07,109 --> 00:37:05,680
chef let's take it just in case and i

851
00:37:09,670 --> 00:37:07,119
think maybe not in first but on the

852
00:37:12,069 --> 00:37:09,680
second week when we were installing one

853
00:37:14,630 --> 00:37:12,079
of the equipment uh that supposed to

854
00:37:16,950 --> 00:37:14,640
take like 15 minutes to install and we

855
00:37:18,870 --> 00:37:16,960
when we had the training for

856
00:37:21,030 --> 00:37:18,880
this installation on the ground it was

857
00:37:23,670 --> 00:37:21,040
very simple we just put it in make

858
00:37:26,150 --> 00:37:23,680
several connections and put uh

859
00:37:27,109 --> 00:37:26,160
four bolts to hold this uh piece of

860
00:37:29,750 --> 00:37:27,119
equipment

861
00:37:32,470 --> 00:37:29,760
uh on the station maybe station was

862
00:37:34,630 --> 00:37:32,480
deformed a little bit from uh

863
00:37:38,069 --> 00:37:34,640
ground position and flight position but

864
00:37:39,109 --> 00:37:38,079
really we need to use all heavy tools

865
00:37:44,310 --> 00:37:39,119
to

866
00:37:45,589 --> 00:37:44,320
in in a proper place and it was almost

867
00:37:47,510 --> 00:37:45,599
like

868
00:37:50,390 --> 00:37:47,520
i don't know special adventure so every

869
00:37:52,710 --> 00:37:50,400
day day was very adventurous

870
00:37:55,109 --> 00:37:52,720
um ginger we talked a little bit about

871
00:37:57,270 --> 00:37:55,119
how you felt seeing these guys go off

872
00:38:01,430 --> 00:37:57,280
that you were the mother of the crew are

873
00:38:06,790 --> 00:38:03,910
oh very much so um every time i'm in

874
00:38:09,829 --> 00:38:06,800
town well in russia i always try to find

875
00:38:11,829 --> 00:38:09,839
yuri and sergey um i think i saw yuri a

876
00:38:13,270 --> 00:38:11,839
couple of novembers ago when i was in

877
00:38:15,190 --> 00:38:13,280
star city

878
00:38:16,710 --> 00:38:15,200
and sergey makes more frequent trips out

879
00:38:18,790 --> 00:38:16,720
to the us

880
00:38:21,349 --> 00:38:18,800
so he was able to meet my fiance his

881
00:38:23,589 --> 00:38:21,359
last trip and um

882
00:38:25,349 --> 00:38:23,599
i'm hoping that they can both make it

883
00:38:27,589 --> 00:38:25,359
for the wedding in march if travel

884
00:38:31,589 --> 00:38:27,599
allows and shep is going to be giving me

885
00:38:34,150 --> 00:38:31,599
away um so yes we still stay in touch we

886
00:38:35,270 --> 00:38:34,160
have formed i think what are lifelong

887
00:38:38,150 --> 00:38:35,280
friendships

888
00:38:39,990 --> 00:38:38,160
um and i'm very thankful to nasa for

889
00:38:41,829 --> 00:38:40,000
giving me a job that allowed me not only

890
00:38:43,430 --> 00:38:41,839
to support the expedition 1 crew in

891
00:38:45,670 --> 00:38:43,440
their mission but also to make such

892
00:38:47,670 --> 00:38:45,680
great friends

893
00:38:49,829 --> 00:38:47,680
we're coming down to our last minutes

894
00:38:53,030 --> 00:38:49,839
and i'd like to get from each of you

895
00:38:56,390 --> 00:38:53,040
your thoughts on what the big takeaway

896
00:38:58,470 --> 00:38:56,400
from your mission was um chef why don't

897
00:39:01,190 --> 00:38:58,480
we start with you

898
00:39:02,710 --> 00:39:01,200
uh i think space station particular

899
00:39:05,030 --> 00:39:02,720
expedition one

900
00:39:09,589 --> 00:39:05,040
uh set the tone for how crews need to

901
00:39:14,310 --> 00:39:12,310
um that uh we can fly a really big

902
00:39:16,790 --> 00:39:14,320
complex vehicle lots of international

903
00:39:18,150 --> 00:39:16,800
partners and with the right ground

904
00:39:20,230 --> 00:39:18,160
support and training we can figure out

905
00:39:22,069 --> 00:39:20,240
how to make it all work i think it's the

906
00:39:24,310 --> 00:39:22,079
blueprint for uh

907
00:39:25,990 --> 00:39:24,320
larger expeditions and going certainly

908
00:39:28,310 --> 00:39:26,000
to the moon and probably beyond that to

909
00:39:37,349 --> 00:39:28,320
mars and elsewhere

910
00:39:37,359 --> 00:39:48,150
from

911
00:39:52,150 --> 00:39:49,109
yes

912
00:39:53,829 --> 00:39:52,160
i just will join a chef here and want to

913
00:39:55,030 --> 00:39:53,839
add that the

914
00:39:58,310 --> 00:39:55,040
main

915
00:40:01,109 --> 00:39:58,320
objective for our mission was to prepare

916
00:40:02,950 --> 00:40:01,119
the station for the next cruise so for

917
00:40:14,470 --> 00:40:02,960
crew number two commander three and so

918
00:40:18,630 --> 00:40:16,390
and i just wanted to add that right now

919
00:40:22,550 --> 00:40:18,640
on the station we have already grew

920
00:40:26,069 --> 00:40:22,560
number 63 this is mission number 63 and

921
00:40:27,430 --> 00:40:26,079
64 there as well and 63 is going to land

922
00:40:31,670 --> 00:40:27,440
today

923
00:40:36,790 --> 00:40:33,670
sergey your thoughts on

924
00:40:39,589 --> 00:40:36,800
reflecting on your mission

925
00:40:41,670 --> 00:40:39,599
well as we said at that time that the

926
00:40:44,230 --> 00:40:41,680
goal of our mission was to make station

927
00:40:46,309 --> 00:40:44,240
alive because when we came most of the

928
00:40:48,470 --> 00:40:46,319
system was shut down some of them was

929
00:40:50,390 --> 00:40:48,480
not even installed and some of them

930
00:40:52,309 --> 00:40:50,400
installation and activation of this

931
00:40:54,630 --> 00:40:52,319
system was

932
00:40:56,950 --> 00:40:54,640
life critical so if we wouldn't be able

933
00:41:00,069 --> 00:40:56,960
to do this on time we had to

934
00:41:01,349 --> 00:41:00,079
stop mission early and return back home

935
00:41:03,430 --> 00:41:01,359
so we

936
00:41:05,829 --> 00:41:03,440
as a crew we need to be very reliable

937
00:41:07,910 --> 00:41:05,839
and i think our crew was able to do what

938
00:41:11,030 --> 00:41:07,920
we were supposed to do

939
00:41:13,750 --> 00:41:11,040
but i think our goal was not only

940
00:41:16,550 --> 00:41:13,760
prepare station for future experiments i

941
00:41:20,150 --> 00:41:18,710
space station program itself is very big

942
00:41:21,670 --> 00:41:20,160
and interesting

943
00:41:24,390 --> 00:41:21,680
technical experiment

944
00:41:26,790 --> 00:41:24,400
uh what we did on expedition one was big

945
00:41:28,790 --> 00:41:26,800
technical experiment because we were put

946
00:41:30,950 --> 00:41:28,800
some things together we were activating

947
00:41:32,309 --> 00:41:30,960
them in unusual

948
00:41:35,990 --> 00:41:32,319
situation

949
00:41:38,390 --> 00:41:36,000
as we said some of the hardware never

950
00:41:40,230 --> 00:41:38,400
met each other on the ground and we we

951
00:41:43,030 --> 00:41:40,240
had to install it in space for the first

952
00:41:45,990 --> 00:41:43,040
time and not every time it was smooth

953
00:41:47,550 --> 00:41:46,000
so i think it was

954
00:41:49,990 --> 00:41:47,560
very interesting technical and

955
00:41:51,910 --> 00:41:50,000
organizational experiment and the result

956
00:41:55,109 --> 00:41:51,920
of this experiment we are using up to

957
00:41:56,790 --> 00:41:55,119
now and as you reset 63 and 6 expedition

958
00:42:00,150 --> 00:41:56,800
6364

959
00:42:01,990 --> 00:42:00,160
is flying now so result of our first

960
00:42:04,150 --> 00:42:02,000
technical and organizational experiment

961
00:42:06,470 --> 00:42:04,160
was successful

962
00:42:09,430 --> 00:42:06,480
ginger

963
00:42:12,230 --> 00:42:09,440
um like to build on what sergey sheppard

964
00:42:14,069 --> 00:42:12,240
yuri said with with respect to the

965
00:42:16,870 --> 00:42:14,079
the marvel of construction that is the

966
00:42:18,950 --> 00:42:16,880
international space station i think

967
00:42:20,790 --> 00:42:18,960
they were able to set the tone the

968
00:42:22,470 --> 00:42:20,800
expedition 1 crew and the international

969
00:42:24,069 --> 00:42:22,480
space station program that the world

970
00:42:26,870 --> 00:42:24,079
should follow you know when you look in

971
00:42:29,030 --> 00:42:26,880
the news today and you see our countries

972
00:42:32,069 --> 00:42:29,040
not getting along or other countries not

973
00:42:34,069 --> 00:42:32,079
getting along and yet when you work on a

974
00:42:35,990 --> 00:42:34,079
common goal even if something as

975
00:42:37,270 --> 00:42:36,000
complicated as the international space

976
00:42:39,510 --> 00:42:37,280
station we

977
00:42:41,910 --> 00:42:39,520
have proven to the world that when

978
00:42:44,150 --> 00:42:41,920
you're joined in a common goal that you

979
00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:44,160
can accomplish anything so i think the

980
00:42:49,109 --> 00:42:46,800
iss should be the model for how the

981
00:42:50,470 --> 00:42:49,119
world should be getting along how the

982
00:42:53,589 --> 00:42:50,480
world should be

983
00:42:55,510 --> 00:42:53,599
making bigger and better things together

984
00:42:57,829 --> 00:42:55,520
george abby let me give the last word to

985
00:42:59,910 --> 00:42:57,839
you on what this mission accomplished

986
00:43:03,030 --> 00:42:59,920
and what it's meant

987
00:43:04,550 --> 00:43:03,040
i was convinced that before this mission

988
00:43:06,069 --> 00:43:04,560
that

989
00:43:08,870 --> 00:43:06,079
we're going to explore space we need to

990
00:43:11,349 --> 00:43:08,880
do that working internationally it's

991
00:43:14,550 --> 00:43:11,359
much better to work with partners and i

992
00:43:16,550 --> 00:43:14,560
think this first crew proved that

993
00:43:18,309 --> 00:43:16,560
sir david saying we had

994
00:43:19,589 --> 00:43:18,319
components and systems that were built

995
00:43:21,589 --> 00:43:19,599
all over the world and they came

996
00:43:23,510 --> 00:43:21,599
together for the

997
00:43:25,510 --> 00:43:23,520
first time in space and this crew was

998
00:43:27,270 --> 00:43:25,520
able to deal with them and put them

999
00:43:30,309 --> 00:43:27,280
together and make them all work

1000
00:43:32,550 --> 00:43:30,319
and that provided a good foundation to

1001
00:43:33,910 --> 00:43:32,560
build on 20 years that have followed on

1002
00:43:36,309 --> 00:43:33,920
a space station

1003
00:43:37,990 --> 00:43:36,319
and as ginger said this is a model

1004
00:43:40,390 --> 00:43:38,000
should be a model for what we should do

1005
00:43:42,309 --> 00:43:40,400
in the future because as we look the

1006
00:43:44,150 --> 00:43:42,319
only beyond earth orbit

1007
00:43:45,990 --> 00:43:44,160
going back to the moon and maybe someday

1008
00:43:48,390 --> 00:43:46,000
to mars we ought to be doing it

1009
00:43:49,990 --> 00:43:48,400
internationally and do it in the same

1010
00:43:51,750 --> 00:43:50,000
way that we're working together on the

1011
00:43:54,470 --> 00:43:51,760
international space mission

1012
00:43:56,390 --> 00:43:54,480
it is our truly a model for how we can

1013
00:43:57,910 --> 00:43:56,400
work with other countries and

1014
00:43:59,990 --> 00:43:57,920
not only with russia but all the

1015
00:44:02,470 --> 00:44:00,000
partnerships that we form with the

1016
00:44:04,150 --> 00:44:02,480
international space station

1017
00:44:06,230 --> 00:44:04,160
and with that i want to thank you all

1018
00:44:08,550 --> 00:44:06,240
for your participation today and thank

1019
00:44:12,390 --> 00:44:08,560
you all for your contributions to

1020
00:44:14,069 --> 00:44:12,400
science and cooperation internationally

1021
00:44:16,069 --> 00:44:14,079
and on behalf of nasa and the space

1022
00:44:19,750 --> 00:44:16,079
foundation thanks to all of you who are

1023
00:44:23,349 --> 00:44:19,760
watching us today there will be more iss

1024
00:44:25,349 --> 00:44:23,359
20 20th anniversary programming on nasa

1025
00:44:28,470 --> 00:44:25,359
television and also on the space

1026
00:44:31,349 --> 00:44:28,480
foundation's new online digital platform

1027
00:44:34,309 --> 00:44:31,359
space symposium 365 you can learn more

1028
00:44:37,750 --> 00:44:34,319
about that by going to www